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Under the 2003 concept,
NATO forces should be able to rapidly deploy to crisis areas and remain
sustainable, be it within or outside NATO's territory, in support of both
Article 5 and Non-Article 5 operations. The successful deployments of the
Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps (ARRC) to two NATO-led Balkan
operations (the Implementation Force (IFOR) to Bosnia Herzegovina in 1995
and Kosovo Force (KFOR) to Kosovo in 1999) are early examples of
non-Article 5 crisis response operations outside NATO territory.
The new concept will have its largest impact on land forces. Maritime and
air forces are by nature already highly mobile and deployable and often
have a high state of readiness. Most of NATO's land based assets, however,
have been rather static and have had limited (strategic) mobility. In the
new structure, land forces should also become highly deployable and should
have tactical and strategic mobility. The mobility requirements will have
great impact on the Alliance's transport and logistic resources (sea, land
and air based). The need for quick reaction requires a certain amount of
highly trained forces that are readily available. Further,
interoperability (the possibility of forces to co-operate together with
other units) and sustainability (the possibility to continue an operation
for an extended period of time) are essential in the new force structure.
High Readiness Forces (Land) Headquarters candidates available:
The Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps (ARRC) HQ in Rheindalen
(Germany) with the United Kingdom as framework nation;
The Rapid Deployable German-Netherlands Corps HQ, based on the 1st
German-Netherlands Corps HQ in Munster (Germany);
The Rapid Deployable Italian Corps HQ based on the Italian Rapid Reaction
Corps HQ in Solbiate Olona close to Milan (Italy);
The Rapid Deployable Spanish Corps HQ based on the Spanish Corps HQ in
Valencia (Spain);
The Rapid Deployable Turkish Corps HQ based on the 3rd Turkish Corps HQ
near Istanbul (Turkey);
The Eurocorps HQ in Strasbourg (France) sponsored by Belgium, France,
Germany, Luxembourg and Spain.
Note: The Eurocorps Headquarters which has a different international
military status based on the Strasbourg Treaty, has signed a technical
arrangement with SACEUR and can also be committed to NATO missions.
Forces of Lower Readiness (Land) Headquarters candidates:
The Multinational Corps HQ North-East in Szczecin (Poland) sponsored by
Denmark, Germany and Poland;
The Greek "C" Corps HQ near Thessaloniki (Greece).
High Readiness Forces (Maritime) Headquarters:
Headquarters Commander Italian Maritime Forces onboard the Italian Naval
Vessel
GARIBALDI;
Headquarters Commander Spanish Maritime Forces (HQ COMSPMARFOR) onboard LPD CASTILLA;
Headquarters Commander United Kingdom Maritime Forces (HQ COMUKMARFOR) onboard a UK
Aircraft Carrier.
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